A micronutrient-fortified young-child formula improves the iron and vitamin D status of healthy young European children: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial

Iron deficiency (ID) and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) are common among young European children because of low dietary intakes and low compliance to vitamin D supplementation policies. Milk is a common drink for young European children. Studies evaluating the effect of milk fortification on iron and vi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of clinical nutrition 2017-02, Vol.105 (2), p.391-399
Main Authors: Akkermans, Marjolijn D, Eussen, Simone Rbm, van der Horst-Graat, Judith M, van Elburg, Ruurd M, van Goudoever, Johannes B, Brus, Frank
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency - blood
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency - drug therapy
Animals
C-Reactive Protein - metabolism
Child, Preschool
Children & youth
Clinical trials
Consumer Science & Health
Double-Blind Method
Europe
FBR Consumer Science & Health
Female
Ferritins - blood
Food, Fortified
Food, Health & Consumer Research
Hemoglobins - metabolism
Humans
Infant
Infant Formula - chemistry
Iron
Iron - administration & dosage
Iron - blood
Iron Deficiencies
Male
Micronutrients - administration & dosage
Milk
Milk - chemistry
Nutrients
Nutritional Status
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - administration & dosage
Vitamin D - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - drug therapy
White People
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Summary:Iron deficiency (ID) and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) are common among young European children because of low dietary intakes and low compliance to vitamin D supplementation policies. Milk is a common drink for young European children. Studies evaluating the effect of milk fortification on iron and vitamin D status in these children are scarce. We aimed to investigate the effect of a micronutrient-fortified young-child formula (YCF) on the iron and vitamin D status of young European children. In this randomized, double-blind controlled trial, healthy German, Dutch, and English children aged 1-3 y were allocated to receive either YCF (1.2 mg Fe/100 mL; 1.7 μg vitamin D/100 mL) or nonfortified cow milk (CM) (0.02 mg Fe/100 mL; no vitamin D) for 20 wk. Blood samples were taken before and after the intervention. The primary and secondary outcomes were change from baseline in serum ferritin (SF) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], respectively. ID was defined as SF
ISSN:0002-9165
1938-3207
DOI:10.3945/ajcn.116.136143