Electrodeposition of aluminum on needle cathode using AlCl3/urea molten salts at low-temperature and its application to hydrogen generation

• Published in: Chinese journal of chemical engineering 2020-03, Vol.28 (3), p.854-863
• Main Authors: Prabu, Samikannu, Wang, Hong-wen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Electrodepositions aluminum; Molten salt
• ISSN: 1004-9541; 2210-321X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2019.11.002

The electrodeposition of aluminum (Al) was studied using two electrolyte solutions, such as anhydrous AlCl3-urea and hydrated AlCl3·6H2O-urea. A systematic examination using cell voltages 1.0–2.0 V was carried out at temperatures ((50–100) ± 2) °C. A needle-shaped cathode was employed for the deposition of aluminum. A dendrite and particulate microstructure of Al were observed on the needle-shaped cathode. An improved condition for the manufacturing of small sizes and high purity of aluminum deposits was obtained. Pure Al with a current efficiency (yield) of 84%–99% was obtained from those of non-aqueous electrolytes and only of 8.6%–9.3% from those of hydrated electrolytes. The electrical conductivities of electrolytes remained considerable at ((50–100) ± 2) °C. The improved aluminum powders were used for the reaction with water. The aluminum reacts with water at room temperature, producing pure H2 with 100% yield. The electrodeposited aluminum metal can be used as an excellent energy carrier.